Morphological measurements of North American Golden Eagles.

All measurements are from live eagles except those reported by Edwards and Kochert (), which were from necropsied birds, and Bortolotti () and Friedman (), which were from museum skins. Region represents the area of capture but may include both migrants and residents. Mass measurements in particular are expected to be season and condition-dependent. In particular, aside from the Edwards and Kochert () measurements that were collected at necropsy, the USGS unpublished data were collected in all times of the year, Lish et al. () was a study of migratory individuals, TAM, Lanzone & Cooper data were from migratory and wintering birds and EHC, T. Craig data were from wintering eagles of unknown residency status. A = Adult, SA = Subadult, J = Juvenile.

     

Males

Females

  

Measurement

Age

Region

n

Mean

Range

n

Mean

Range

Source

Wing chorda (mm)

All

Range wide

190

593

(545-636)

107

631

(586-666)

55

 

A/SA

Range wide

23

595

(569-619)

27

640.4

(601-674)

50
 

A

Range wide

12

580.5

(555-610)

17

633.2

(620-666)

45
 

A

MT, WY

15

587

 (565-612)

6

632

(619-659)

23
 

A

East NA

12

583.8

(557-605)

20

622.1

(585 – 660)

TAM, M. Lanzone, J. Cooper, unpublished data
 

SA

East NA

20

575.1

(549–592)

6

607.3

(580-635)

TAM, M. Lanzone, J. Cooper, unpublished data

 

J

Range wide

26

585.9

(559-636)

31

632.2

(601-665)

50
 

J

MT, WY

5

583

(562-597)

7

630

(610-659)

23
 

J

East NA

11

597.3

(555-654)

6

610

(551–625)

TAM, M. Lanzone, J. Cooper, unpublished data

Tail length (mm)

All

Range wide

183

326

(289 – 371)

108

346

(298-375)

55

 

A/SA

Range wide

22

286.5

(267-310)

24

307.2

(290-330)

50

 

A

Range wide

12

337.4

(320-360)

17

366.2

(350-390)

45
 

A

East NA

11

306.2

(270-320)

20

331.2

(280-350)

TAM, M. Lanzone, J. Cooper, unpublished data
 

SA

East NA

17

305

(275-323)

6

321.3

(270-353)

TAM, M. Lanzone, J. Cooper, unpublished data

 

J

Range wide

23

297.7

(269-341)

30

322

(285-375)

50
 

J

East NA

11

326.1

(300-365)

6

331.7

(325-344)

TAM, M. Lanzone, J. Cooper, unpublished data

Exposed culmen lengthb (mm)

All

Range-wide

181

41

(37-50)

107

44

(41-48)

55

A/SA

Range wide

23

40.6

(36.9-43.5)

27

44.2

(41.7-47.5)

50

A

Range wide

12

39.5

(37-41)

17

44

(41-47)

45
 

J

Range wide

26

39.4

(36.2-42.6)

31

43.3

(39.9-50.0)

50

Middle toec (mm)

A

Range wide

12

60.5

(57-66)

17

67.5

(62-73)

45

Foot pad (mm)

A

ID

31

131.6

(120-137)

18

145.4

(139-153)

65

Hallux claw (mm)

All

Range wide

184

48

(39-54)

108

54

(49-60)

55
 

A/SA

Range wide

23

49.4

(45.9-52.9)

26

55.7

(49.8-63.4)

50
 

J

Range wide

24

47.8

(44.9-51.3)

30

54

(49.7-58.2)

50

Tarsus width (mm)

All

East NA

24

16.08

(14.09 – 17.80)

21

19.65

(16.70 – 24.00)

TAM, M. Lanzone, unpublished data
 

All

WY

21

12.38

(11.63 – 13.45)

10

14.59

(13.72 – 16.87)

M. Lockhart, unpublished data
 

All

ID

10

15.2

(14.0 – 16.2)

8

16.8

(15.9–18.1)

EHC, T. Craig, unpublished data

Tarsus Length (mm)

A

Range wide

12

111.6

(101-122)

17

114.9

(103-123)

45

Body Mass (g)

All

ID

31

3,477

(2,495 - 4,281)

18

4,913

(3,374-6,124)

65
 

All

SW ID

34

3,900

(3,000-4,475)

14

4,627

(4,075-5,280)

USGS, unpublished data

 

All

Range wide

140

3,348

(2,387–4,361)

80

4,778

(3,048–6,442)

55
 

A

MT & WY

15

3,553

(3250-4180)

6

5,097

(4,600-6,000)

23
 

A

East NA

12

4,055

(3,540-4,430)

20

5,226

(4,200-6,460)

TAM, M. Lanzone, J. Cooper, unpublished data
 

SA

East NA

22

3,928

(3,370-4,500)

7

4,923

(4,250-6,020)

TAM, M. Lanzone, J. Cooper, unpublished data

 

J

MT & WY

5

3,730

(3,250-4400)

7

4,257

(3,600-5,300)

23
 

J

East NA

10

3,647

(2,690-4,300)

7

4,644

(4,300-5,120)

TAM, M. Lanzone, J. Cooper, unpublished data

a Unflattened wing chord

b Measured from cere

c Without claw