The Key to Scientific Names
- carduelis
L. carduelis goldfinch < carduus or cardus thistle; ex “Carduelis” of Gessner 1555, Aldrovandus 1599, Jonston 1653, and Willughby 1676, “Gold-Finch” or “Thistle-Finch” of Ray 1713, and “Fringilla remigibus antrorsum luteis: extima immaculata, rectricibus duabus extimis medio reliquisque apice albis” of Linnaeus 1746 (Carduelis).
- CARDUELIS
(Fringillidae; Ϯ European Goldfinch C. carduelis) L. carduelis goldfinch < carduus or cardus thistle; "Mandibula utraque integra: Rostro in apicem gracilem & longum exeunte. . . .Carduelis. Genus 32. ... Genus Carduelis. Le genre du Chardonneret. ... Les Chardonnerets volent en troupe. On les voit en hiver sur les têtes de chardons, dont ils mangent les graines." (Brisson 1760): based on "Carduelis" of Gessner 1555, Aldrovandus 1599-1603, and numerous other authors, "Aurivittis" of Gessner 1555 and Charleton 1668, "Zena" of Belon 1555, "Cardello" of Olina 1622, "Chrysomitris" of Charleton 1668, "Astragalinus" of Rzaczynski 1721, and "Carduelis vulgaris" of Linnaeus 1748; "Carduelis Brisson, 1760, Ornithologie, I, p. 36: III, p. 53. Type, by tautonymy, "Carduelis" Brisson = Fringilla carduelis Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2023).
Var. Cardueles, Cardulis, Cardvelis, Cardualis.
Synon. Acanthis, Chloroptyla, Citrinella.- PROCARDUELIS
(Fringillidae; Ϯ Dark-breasted Rosefinch P. nipalensis) Gr. προ pro before, close to; genus Carduelis Brisson 1760, goldfinch; "The present form is indeed an Erythrospiza with a slender Carduelis bill, and exhibiting a marked affinity for the Redpole Linnets" (Blyth 1844); "Returning now, after so long a digression, to the catalogue of Darjeeling birds, I have to rectify, at Page 192, Linota saturata, Nobis. This is identical with Mr. Hodgson's Carduelis Nipalensis, As. Res. XIX, 157, but now typifying his division Procarduelis." (Blyth 1843); "Procarduelis Blyth (ex Hodgson MS), 1843, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 12, p. 985. Type, by monotypy, Carduelis nipalensis Hodgson." (Paynter in Peters, 1968, XIV, p. 267).
Synon. Pyrrha.
