The Key to Scientific Names

Edited by James A. Jobling
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Acanthiparus

(Aegithalidaesyn. Aegithalos Ϯ White-throated Tit A. niveogularis) Gr. ακανθα akantha  thorn  < ακη akē  point; genus Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "ACANTHIPARUS NIVEOGULARIS, Gould.  White-throated Tit.  ...  It is remarkably different from every other member of the Paridæ I have seen  ....  it differs from them remarkably in the much greater length of its wings, and in its longer and more spine-like bill.  ...  I am therefore constrained to make it the type of a new genus, with the appellation of Acanthiparus, a term which has been suggested by the lengthened and pointed form of the bill." (Gould 1855);"Acanthiparus Gould, 1855, Birds of Asia, II (vii), pl. 67 and text.  Type, by original designation, Acanthiparus niveogularis Gould, 1855." (JAJ 2020).


AURIPARUS

(Remizidae; Ϯ Verdin A. flaviceps) L. aurum, auri  gold; genus Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "Although different from Paroides, as shown above, I prefer to continue it in this genus where it was originally placed, being unwilling to create a new one for it, in my ignorance as to whether some one already constructed upon foreign types may not include it   ...   Above, cinereous; head, all round, yellow; lesser wing coverts chestnut; beneath brownish white" (Baird 1860); "AURIPARUS, BAIRD.   Auriparus, BAIRD, n. g.  (Type Ægithalus flaviceps, SUND.)   In the "Birds of North America," p. 399, while defining the generic characters of Paroides, I showed that Ægithalus flaviceps, of Sundevall, differed very materially from the P. pendulinus, the type of the genus. The discrepancy, in fact, is too great to permit the two species to be associated, and I have consequently been obliged to establish a new generic name.  The peculiarities authorizing this course will be found detailed in the work cited above.  They consist, as compared with other American forms, in the long pointed quills, and the very small claws; the tarsi are much shorter than in Psaltriparus.  The single known species of the genus builds a covered nest of stiff, short pieces of grass, with a hole in the side, in bushes.  The eggs are spotted, as in the Black-headed Titmice, not white, as in Psaltriparus minimus." (Baird 1864); "Auriparus Baird, Rev. Amer. Bds., 1, p. 85, 1864—type, by orig. desig., Aegithalus flaviceps Sundevall." (Hellmayr, 1934, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VII, p. 86). 


Certhioparus (See: Certhiparus)
Certhiparus

Portmanteau of genera Certhia Linnaeus, 1758, treecreeper, and Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit.
● (Leiothrichidae; syn. Minla Red-tailed Minla M. ignotincta) "Certhiparus, Mihi.  (Olim Minla, Hodgson, Ind. Rev. 1838, p. 42; changed to Proparus, H., J. A. S., X. 29, which latter name is now transferred to the preceding group [Siva].)  ...  Types ignitinctus and castaniceps, Mihi.  ...  In this rich accession to the Leiotrichanæ of Swainson, we have great means of illustrating that family, which seems to be a singular combination of Parus with the long-legged Finches on the one hand, and the Certhians on the other. The structure and habits, on the whole, are nearer to Parus  ...  while the Certhian structure is represented very fully in the bill and feet of ignitinctus, and less palpably yet distinctly so in its tail" (Hodgson 1845); "Certhiparus Hodgson, 1845, Journal Asiatic Soc. Bengal, XIII (II), p. 939 (not of de La Fresnaye, 1842).  New name for Minla Hodgson, 1837, now considered not only unsuitable (see Proparus), but transferred to another group." (JAJ 2021).
● (Mohouidae; syn. Mohoua Whitehead M. albicilla) "Genus CERTHIPARUS, Grimpereau-Mésange (de Lafr.).  Caract. gen.— Rostrum mediocre, huic parorum et præcipue Orthonicis heteroclyti affine, supra et infra parum arcuatum et carinatum, compressum, apice vix emarginatum, naribus basi partim setis et plumis frontalibus obtectis; pedes validi, tarsis elongatis, digitis et præsertim postico satis fortibus, hoc ungulo magno sed parum curvato, armato; alis mediocribus, remige prima brevi, secunda, tertia, quarta, quintaque gradatis, quinta quarta paulisper longiore omniumque longissima; cauda satis ampla, utrinque a prima usque ad sextam rectricem gradata, pennis rigidiusculis, parum acuminatis sæpiusque detritis ptilosis corporis prælonga et laxa.   Ce genre australien semble réellement faire le passage des Mésanges aux Grimpereaux. Il tient aux derniers par sa queue rigide à rectrices latérales un peu déjetées en dehors, et aux premières par la forme de son bec et de ses pattes, et par tout son ensemble.  L'espèce type est le Parus senilis (Dubus)." (de La Fresnaye 1842); "Certhiparus Lafresnaye, 1842, Rev. Zool., Paris, 5, p. 69. Type, by original designation, Parus senilis Du Bus de Gisignies = Fringilla albicilla Lesson." (Mayr in Peters, 1986, XI, p. 460).
Var. Certhioparus.


Coparus (See: Copurus)
Copurus

(Tyrannidae; syn. Colonia Long-tailed Tyrant C. colonus) Gr. κωπη kōpē  oar; ουρα oura  tail; "Genus COPURUS †, n. g.  <Platyrhynchus, Spix,  < Muscipeta, Cuv.   Diff. Char. - The two medial rectrices greatly prolonged.  ... Species unica, C. filicaudus (Spix), Av. Braz. v. 2. pl. 14. (Muscicapa leucocilla, Hahn.)  Obs. This bird bears much resemblance to Pipra in the colours of its plumage and in the elongate rectrices, as Mr. Swainson has remarked (Classif. Birds, v. ii. p. 90). The depressed beak, however, rounded culmen, shorter tarsus, and slender claws, sufficiently prove its true place to be among the Flycatchers, near Alectrurus.  ...  † Kωπη, an oar; ουρα, the tail" (Strickland 1841); "Copurus STRICKLAND, P. Z. S. Lond., 9, p. 28, Oct. 1841—type by monotypy Platyrhynchus filicauda SPIX = Muscicapa colonus VIEILLOT." (Hellmayr, 1927, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. V, p. 60).
Var. Coparus.


Fringilliparus (See: Fringilloparus)
Fringilloparus

(Leiotrichidae; syn. Leiothrix  Silver-eared Mesia L. argentauris) Portmanteau of genera  Fringilla Linnaeus, 1758, finch, and Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "Ampelidæ.  ...  Fringilloparus (Mesia) argentauris, [drawing nos.] 307, 308" (Hodgson 1844).; "Fringilloparus Hodgson, 1844, Cat. Nipalese birds in Gray's Zool. Miscellany, 3, p. 84.  Alternative name for Mesia Hodgson, 1837, perhaps in an attempt to assuage those readers outraged by vernacular names." (JAJ 2021).
Var. Fringilliparus, Fringillosparus.


Hemiparus

(Leiothrichidae; syn. Siva Blue-winged Siva S. cyanouroptera) Gr. ἡμι- hēmi-  half-, small < ἡμισυς hēmisus  half; genus Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "22-25.  Leiotrichanæ?  ...  Nearly allied to Leiathrix [sic] proper.   Hemiparus (½ Tit)  Siva.  Indian Review, April and May 1837." (Hodgson 1841); "Hemiparus Hodgson, 1841, Journal Asiatic Soc. Bengal, X (1), (no. 109), p. 29.  Classical replacement name for Siva Hodgson, a local substantive name considered inappropriate by some." (JAJ 2020) (see Alcopus).


LIOPARUS

(Sylviidae; Ϯ Golden-breasted Fulvetta L. chrysotis) Gr. λειος leios  smooth; genus Parus Linnaeus, 17658, tit; "m". Nostrils overhung by hairs.  ...  l"'. Bill broad; rictal bristles long; hind claw moderate, shorter than hind toe. . . . .LIOPARUS, p. 174.  ...   Genus LIOPARUS, n. gen.  I propose the name of Lioparus for the last of the four genera of Tit-like Timeliinæ, with L. chrysæus as the type, a bird which has been placed in the genus Proparus by most authors.  Lioparus differs from Schœniparus and Sittiparus by having numerous hairs overhanging the nostrils, and from Proparus by its long rictal bristles which reach nearly to the tip of the bill, by its broader bill, and by its much smaller hind claw, which measures much less than the hind toe.  The plumage of this bird is remarkably sleek and soft.   184. Lioparus chrysæusThe Golden-breasted Tit-Babbler.   Proparus? chrysæus, Hodgs. in Gray's Zool. Misc. p. 84 (1844).  Proparus chrysotis (Hodgs.), Blyth, J.A.S.B. xiii, p. 938 (1844).   ...   Prong-samyer-pho, Lepch." (Oates 1889); "Lioparus Oates, 1889, Fauna Brit. India, Birds, 1, pp. 131 (in key), 174. Type, by original designation, Lioparus chrysaeus Oates = Proparus chrysotis Blyth." (Deignan in Peters, 1964, X, p. 397).


MELANIPARUS

(Paridae; Southern Black Tit M. niger) Gr. μελας  melas, μελανος  melanos  black; genus Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "489. Melaniparus, Bp. (Parus, p. Gr.)    Africa.   6 [i.e. 4].    3. P. niger, Vieill. (luctuosus, Licht.) Lev. Afr. t. 137. 1. ex Africa mer.   4. P. leucomelas, Rüpp. Faun. Abyssin. t. 37. 2. ex Africa orient.   5. P. leucopterus, Sw. B. of west. Afr.  ex Afr. occ.   6. P. leuconotus, Guèr. 1843. (dorsatus, Rüpp.) Syst.Vög. Nord-Ost. Afr. t. 18.  ex Afric. or." (Bonaparte 1850); "Melaniparus Bonaparte, 1850, Conspectus Generum Avium, I (1), p. 228.  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 38), Parus niger Vieillot, 1818." (JAJ 2020).
Var. Melanoparus.
Synon. Aegithospiza, Pentheres.


Musciparus

(Maluridae; syn. Malurus White-shouldered Fairy-wren M. alboscapulatus naimii) Portmanteau of genera Muscicapula Blyth, 1843, flycatcher, and Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "Musciparus n. g. Muscicapidarum.  Schnabel in der Form demjenigen von Muscicapula ähnlich, aber länger und etwas gebogen; Schnabelborsten stärker.  Flügel kurz, kaum kürzer als der Schwanz, angelegt wenig die Schwanzwurzel überragend; 4. bis 7. oder 4. bis 8. Schwinge am längsten; die längsten Handschwingen nur ganz unbedeutend die längsten Armschwingen überragend.  ...  Typus: Musciparus tappenbecki Rchw." (Reichenow 1897); "Musciparus Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb. vol. v. p. 25, Feb. 1897.  Type (by original designation): Musciparus tappenbecki Reichw." (Mathews, 1930, Syst. Av. Austral., II, p. 625); "12. Malurus alboscapulatus  ...  Other proposed races are  ...  tappenbecki (Sepik R E to Astrolabe Bay) and mafulu (mountain grasslands in SE New Guinea), both included in naimii." (del Hoyo and Collar, 2016, HBW Illustrated Checklist, 2, Passerines, p. 216).


Myioparus

(Muscicapidae; syn. Fraseria  Grey Tit Flycatcher F. plumbea) Gr. μυω muō  to close; genus Parisoma Swainson, 1832, parisoma (cf. Mod. L. myias  flycatcher < Gr. μυια muia, μυιας muias  fly; πιαζω piazō  to seize; genus Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit); “Parisoma is usually associated with the Tits, but there seems to be no reason for doing so beyond the fact that P. plumbeum has the nostrils covered by the frontal plumes; but as the typical Parisoma has the nostrils exposed, I propose for Parisoma plumbeum Hartlaub the generic name of MYIOPARUS, characterised also by its smaller size, more slender legs and feet, and by so doing remove the group from its association with the Tits.” (A. Roberts 1922); "Myioparus A. Roberts, 1922, Annals Transvaal Mus., VIII (4), p. 225.  Type, by monotypy, Parisoma plumbeum, i.e. Stenostira plumbea Hartlaub, 1858." (JAJ 2020).


Pardaliparus

(Paridae; syn. Periparus Ϯ Elegant Tit P. elegans) Portmanteau of genera Pardalotus Vieillot, 1816, pardalote, and Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "ESPÈCES incertæ sedis.  J'étais d'abord porté à placer à la suite des Periparus (P. ater) les Parus elegans Lesson et venustulus Swinhoe, qui leur ressemblent par la présence d'une tache nuchale claire et le plastron noir de la poitrine s'arrêtant sans aucun prolongement ou raie médiane longitudinale  ...  Je propose de donner à ce groupe le nom de Pardaliparus à cause de certaines analogies de stature avec les Pardalotus (Je dis analogie et non affinité, les Pardalotus ayant les ailes pointues, la première rémige nulle, le bec autrement conformé et les tarses longs)." (de Selys-Longchamps 1884); "Pardaliparus Selys-Longchamps, 1884, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 9, p. 73. Type, by subsequent designation (Richmond, 1902, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 24, p. 704), Parus elegans Lesson." (Snow in Peters, 1967, XII, p. 71).


parus

Late L. parus  tit, titmouse (cf. par, parum  equal, companion).
● ex “Oranor” of Levaillant 1805, pl. 155 (syn. Pericrocotus cinnamomeus).


PARUS

(Paridae; Ϯ Great Tit P. major) Late L. parus  tit, titmouse; a rare word, found only in Carmen de Philomela, by an unknown author (c. 500AD); "100. PARUS.  Rostrum integerrimum.  Lingua truncata, setis terminata." (Linnaeus 1758); "Parus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 189. Type, by subsequent designation (Gray, 1840, List Gen. Birds, ed. 1, p. 23), Parus major Linnaeus." (Snow in Peters, 1967, XII, p. 70).  Linnaeus's Parus comprised twelve species (P. cristatus, P. major, P. americanus, P. cæruleus, P. ater, P. palustris, P. caudatus, P. biarmicus, P. Pipra, P. erythrocephalus, P. Aureola, P. Cela) (see Parvus).
Var. Para, Patus.
Synon. Parulus.


PERIPARUS

(Paridae; Ϯ Coal Tit P. ater) Gr. περι peri  around, very; genus Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "{Front noir, Tête huppée ou non. . . . .6. Periparus Selys (Paléarctique).  ...  Sous-genre VI. PERIPARUS Selys 1884.  ...  Le groupe que je propose de constituer sous ce nom, est distinct des Parus proprement dits (P. major, etc.) parce que le plastron guttural noir s'arrête brusquement à la poitrine sans prolongement en raie sur le milieu de l'abdomen. Aucune espèce ne forme de lien entre les deux groupes.  Je réunis au contraire aux Periparus trois ou quatre espèces dont les plumes allongées de la calotte forment une huppe, et que les auteurs ont considérées à cause de cela comme des Lophophanes (P. rubidiventer, rufonuchalis, melanolophus, œmodius), mais ces espèces ont toutes la bande nuchale claire comme le P. ater, bande qui manque aux Lophophanes, tandis qu'elles sont dépourvues du collier auriculaire de ces dernières." (de Selys-Longchamps 1884); "Periparus Selys-Longchamps, 1884, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 9, pp. 43, 59.  Type, by original [i.e. subsequent] designation (Richmond, 1902, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 24, p. 704), Parus ater Linnaeus." (Snow in Peters, 1967, XII, p. 71).  Some distinctive isolated or insular populations of the Coal Tit undoubtedly warrant specific separation (e.g. ledouci, cypriotes, aemodius, melanolophus, ptilosus).
Var. Pariparus.
Synon. Pardaliparus.


Phaeoparus (See: Phaeopharus)
Phaeopharus

(Paridae; syn. Poecile Marsh Tit P. palustris) Gr. φαιος phaios  dusky, brown; φαρος pharos  cloak, mantle; "Phaeopharus. ** Nov. subgen.  Typus: Phaeopharus palustris (LINNÉ).  ...  ** φαιος = barna,  φαρος = palást, ruha" (Madarász 1900); "Phaeopharus Madarász, Magyar. Mad., p. 139, 1900—type, by orig. desig., Parus palustris Linnaeus." (Hellmayr, 1934, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VII, p. 70).
Var. Phaeoparus (L. parus  tit), Phaeopharus, Phoeopharus.


Proparus

L. pro  like, quasi; genus Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit.
● (Leiothrichidae; syn. Alcippe † White-browed Fulvetta A. vinipectus) "Proparus, Mihi.  [not Proparus, Hodgson, J. A. S., X. p. 29, which refers to the next group, or Certhiparus, Hodgson, hodie.]  Bill quite Parian and entire, but the nostrils are implumose and furnished with an arched scale.  Head crested.  Wings short, bowed, with four quills gradated, and the three next longest.  Tail narrow and cuneate as in the last.  Tarse elevate and strong.  ...   Type Pr. vinipectus, Mihi. [Siva vinipectus, Hodgson, Ind. Rev. 1838, p. 89.]  ...  Distinguished by its perfectly Parian bill, without trace of notch, and by its longer but less falcate nails.   [Pr. chrysotis, Hodgson.  Partakes of the aspect of Orites (Parus, L.) caudatus." (Blyth 1844); "Proparus Blyth, 1844, Journal Asiatic Soc. Bengal, XIII (2), p. 938 (not of Hodgson, 1841).  Type, by original designation, Siva vinipectus Hodgson, 1837." (JAJ 2021).
● (Leiothrichidae; syn. Minla † Red-tailed Minla M. ignotincta) "22-25.  Leiotrichanæ ?   Proparus (quasi Parus)  Minla.    Philacalyx (φιεος [sic] et καλνξ [sic])  Mesia.    Calipyga (καλος et πυγη)  Bahila." (Hodgson 1841); "Proparus Hodgson, 1841, Journal Asiatic Soc. Bengal, X (1), (no. 109), p. 29.  Classical replacement name for Minla Hodgson, a local substantive name considered inappropriate by some." (JAJ 2020) (see Alcopus).


PSALTRIPARUS

(Aegithalidae; Ϯ American Bushtit P. minimus melanotis) Portmanteau of genera Psaltria Temminck, 1836, pygmy tit, and Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "Rappelant par ses formes et sa petite taille notre Paille en queue [Aegithalos], et encore plus la jolie petite Psaltria exilis, Temm., de Java, le nom de Psaltriparus me semblerait lui convenir.  J'en ai dressé ainsi les caractères:  Genre PSALTRIPARUS, Bp.  Rostro minimo, valde compresso: alæ longæ, rotundatæ; remigum prima brevissima, secunda longitudine 10 æquante, 3 longitudine 7; 4, 5 et 6 omnium longissimis; cauda gracilis, longa, gradata.   Et ceux de l'espèce: "PS. PERSONATUS.  Minor; cinereus, subtus albus; genis cum mento purpureo-nigris.  Fem.: Genis rufo-griseis (fere concoloribus).   Elle habite les hautes montagnes du Mexique méridional.” (Bonaparte 1850); "Psaltriparus Bonaparte, 1850, Comptes Rendus Acad. Sci. Paris, XXXI, p. 478.  Type, by monotypy, Psaltriparus personatus Bonaparte, 1850 = Parus melanotis Hartlaub, 1844." (JAJ 2022).
Synon. Psaltrites.


PSITTIPARUS

(Sylviidae; White-breasted Parrotbill P. ruficeps) L. psittacus  parrot  < Gr. ψιττακος psittakos  parrot; Late L. parus  tit; "Psittiparus Hellm. *)  1889 Scaeorhynchus (Sp. typ.: S. ruficeps) (non E. B. Wilson 1881, Arachn.!), E. Oates in: Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds v. 1 p. 68   ...   Schnabel stark gebogen, die Wurzelhälfte des Unterrandes des Oberschnabels deutlich ausgebogen, Endhälfte des Unterschnabels stark gewölbt.   ...   *) Nom. nov. — Der Name Scaeorhynchus wurde 1881 von Edmund B. Wilson (in: Bull. Mus. Harvard, v. 8 p. 241, 247) für eine Gattung der Pycnogonidae vergeben." (Hellmayr 1903); "Psittiparus Hellmayr, 1903, Das Tierreich, 18 Lieferung, p. 163.  New name for Scaeorhynchus Oates, 1889, not of E. Wilson, 1881 (Pantopoda)." (JAJ 2020).
Synon. BathyrhynchusScaeorhynchus.


schoeniparus

L. schoenus  rush, reed  < Gr. σχοινος skhoinos  rush, reed; Late L. parus  tit.


SCHOENIPARUS

(Pellorneidae; Ϯ Rusty-capped Fulvetta S. dubius) Gr. σχοινος skhoinos  reed, rush; genus Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "Proparus dubius, Hume.  ... THIS last bird I described with some hesitation; it is a Leiotrichine form allied to Minla and Proparus, but distinct from all known species, I believe, of this group.  ...  In some particulars it closely resembles Mr. Mandelli's Minla rufogularis  ... Could it be that my bird is the female, rufogularis the male?  ...  I am much puzzled about the location of this species. The wings are short and bowed, the fifth quill is the shortest, the sixth subequal, the bill is essentially Parian, but rather too much compressed and raised on the culmen. The tail is long and narrow and much rounded, perhaps cuneate is the proper term. The tarsus very stout, the feet moderate, the hind toe and claw long. It is structurally very similar to vinipectus, but alike in bill, tarsus and feet is more robust. The two clearly go together, but they are not in my opinion congeneric with chrysotis (vel chrysæus), Hodgson, and they are both more or less reed and grass-haunters. I would separate them as Schœniparus." (Hume 1874); "Schœniparus, g. n., type Proparus dubius, sp. n. (Hume, J. A. S. B. (n.s.) xiiii. pt. 2, p. 107), Tenasserim; A. O. Hume, Str. Feath. ii. pp. 447-449." (Sharpe & Murie 1876) (Mark Brown in litt.); "Schœniparus Anonymous = Hume, 1874, Stray Feathers, 2, p. 449. Type, by subsequent designation (Sharpe, 1883, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 7, p. 606), Minla rufogularis Mandelli." (Deignan in Peters, 1964, X, p. 397).
Var. Schaeniparus, Schoeinparus.
Synon. Proparoides, Pseudominla, Semiparus, Sittiparus.


Semiparus

(Pellorneidae; syn. Schoeniparus  Yellow-throated Fulvetta S. cinereus) L. semi-  half-, small-  < semis, semissis  half  < as, assis  whole; genus Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "Oates etablirt für Minla cinerea (Brit India v. I. 1889) ein neues Genus "Sittiparus"; dieser Name ist schon 1884 für P. varius Temm. Schleg. von Selys verbraucht (Bull. Soc. zool. France, p. 58), ich möchte deshalb für die Timalien-Gattung die Bezeichnung Semiparus in Vorschlag bringen." (Hellmayr 1901); "Semiparus Hellmayr, 1901, Journal für Ornith., XLIX (2), p. 171.  New name for Sittiparus Oates, 1889, not of de Selys Longchamps, 1884." (JAJ 2020).


SITTIPARUS

(Paridae; Varied Tit S. varius) Portmanteau of genera Sitta Linnaeus, 1758, nuthatch, and Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "{Front blanchâtre. Tête non huppée. . . . .5. Sittiparus Selys (Asie orientale).  ...  Sous-genre V. SITTIPARUS Selys, 1884.  ...  Dans les Iles du Japon et de Formose, il existe un autre type singulier (P. varius Temm. et Schleg.) chez qui le plastron guttural et la tache nuchale sont comme chez les Periparus, mais qui s'en sépare par le front largement blanchâtre, dessin qui se confond avec la grande tache ordinaire des côtés de la tête, caractère particulier à ce petit groupe remarquable encore par le bec cunéiforme renflé en dessous et par le doigt postérieur et son ongle fort longs, ce qui rappelle les Sittelles, d'ou le nom que je propose." (de Selys-Longchamps 1884); "Sittiparus Selys-Longchamps, 1884, Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 9, pp. 43, 58..  Type, by original designation, Parus varius Temminck and Schlegel." (Snow in Peters, 1967, XII, p. 71).
Var. Sittaparus.
Synon. Penthornis.
● (Pellorneidae; syn. Schoeniparus  Yellow-throated Fulvetta S. cinereus). "Genus SITTIPARUS, n. gen.  The genus for which I propose the name of Sittiparus (with S. cinereus as the type) contains two birds which are quite different from Schœniparus on the one hand, and from Proparus and Lioparus on the other.  In 1844 (J.A.S.B. xiii, p. 939) Hodgson proposed the name of Certhiparus for S. castaneiceps.  This name had, however, been given by Lafresnaye two years previously to some birds from New Zealand, and Hodgson's name therefore cannot be retained.  Sittiparus is one of the genera of Timeliine birds with a Tit-like bill.  It differs from Schœniparus in having the tail very much shorter than the wing, and from Proparus and Lioparus in having no hairs overhanging the nostrils.  ...  181. Sittiparus cinereus. The Dusky-green Tit-Babbler.  ...  The Dusky-green Hill-Tit, Jerd.  ...  182. Sittiparus castaneiceps. The Chestnut-headed Tit-Babbler..  ...  The Chestnut-headed Hill-Tit, Jerd." (Oates 1889); "Sittiparus Oates, 1889, Fauna Brit. India, Birds, 1, pp. 131 (in key), 171.  Type, by original designation, Minla cinerea Blyth.  Not Sittiparus Selys-Longchamps, 1884, Aves." (Deignan in Peters, 1964, X, p. 397) (see Proparoides).


SYLVIPARUS

(Paridae; Yellow-browed Tit S. modestus) ) Portmanteau of genera Sylvia Scopoli, 1769, warbler, and Parus Linnaeus, 1758, tit; "SYLVIPARUS.   Rostrum parvulum, brevissimum, compressum nisi ad basin; mandibulæ æquales, superior paululum ad apicem arcuata; nares plumis setaceis tectum.  Pedes ut in genere ParoAlæ longiores, fere ad extremam caudam extensæ, remige 1ma vera breviore, 2nda, 3tia, et 4ta æqualibus et longissimis, 5ta his paulo breviore, 6ta primam æquante.  Cauda mediocris, æqualis.   SYLVIPARUS MODESTUS.   ...   Hab. apud Montes Himalayenses.  It is reluctantly proposed to institute a new genus in a family already sufficiently complicated; nevertheless, as this bird combines the characters of Sylvia, Regulus, and Parus in its wing, tail and bill, it is deemed necessary to make it the type of a genus of which more species will probably be discovered as our intercourse with the remote regions from whence it is derived becomes more extended." (Burton 1836); "Sylviparus Burton, 1836, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1835, p. 153. Type, by monotypy, Sylviparus modestus Burton." (Snow in Peters, 1967, XII, p. 123).
Var. Sylviiparus.
• (Parulidae; syn. Setophaga  Northern Parula S. americana) "Une troisième subdivision assez nombreuse, celle des Sylvains-Mésanges ou Paroides  (Sylvanæ Paroïdæ), que l'on pourrait encore appeler Sylvains suspenseurs, comprendra presque toutes ces Fauvettes de l'Amérique du Nord, à plumage en géneral vivement coloré et varié de jaune, de roux et de noir, que Buffon appelait figuiers, et qui, par leur bec en cône allongé, dans le genre de celui de la Mesange Remiz, leurs formes plus ramassées, et surtout leurs habitudes de s'accrocher aux branches et même aux troncs des arbres, semblent s'eloigner de nos Fauvettes proprement dites, et se rapprocher des Mesanges. Nous adopterons le nom générique de Sylvicola, que leur a donne M. Swainson, quoique d'après notre manière de les envisager, nous eussions preferé un nom qui eût exprimé leur double analogie, tel que Sylvi-parus, par exemple" (de La Fresnaye 1839) (OD per Björn Bergenholtz); "Sylviparus de La Fresnaye, 1839.  A preferred name for Sylvicola Swainson, 1827, reflecting the active tit-like habits of these warblers." (JAJ 2021).


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