The Key to Scientific Names
- asio
L. asio, asionis or axio, axionis type of eared owl.
● "Otus Asio, ♂. Small Horn-Owl. ... Otus Asio, ♀. Small Horn-Owl." (Leach 1816 (ed. Salvin 1882)) (syn. Asio otus).
● "42. STRIX. ... Asio. 3. S. capite aurito, corpore supra ferrugineo subtus cinereo, alis punctis quinque albis. Noctua aurita minor. Catesb. car. 1. p. 7. t. 7. Habitat in America." (Linnaeus 1758) (Megascops).
● "GENUS XXXI.—SCOPS, Savigny. ... Sp. 1. Sc. Asio. Strix Scops. Shaw, v. vii. p. 233.—Strix Carniolica. Shaw, v. vii. p. 231.—Strix pulchella. Shaw, v. vii. p. 239.—England and Europe." (Stephens in Shaw 1825); probably coined to avoid the tautonym Scops scops (syn. Otus scops).- ASIO
(Strigidae; † Long-eared Owl A. otus) "Capite fasciculis pennarum, auricularum æmulis, prædito. . . .Asio. Genus 11. ... Moyen Duc ... ASIO ... On le trouve le plus souvent sur les montagnes & les endroits élèves" (Brisson 1760): based on "Asio" and "Otus" of Gessner 1555, and many other references; "Asio Brisson, 1760, Ornithologie, I, p. 28. Type, by Linnaean tautonymy, "Asio" Brisson = Strix otus Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2023).
Var. Azio.
Synon. Aegolius, Ascalaphus, Brachyotus, Nisuella, Noctua, Nyctalops, Phasmaptynx, Pseudoscops, Rhinoptynx, Rhinostrix.
● (Strigidae; syn. Bubo † Great Eagle Owl B. bubo) "ASIO, Antiq. Horned Owls. Head large, furnished with a double crest or egrets. Ears and facial disk moderate, and the latter not always perfect. Ears without an operculum. Bill short, with the upper mandible sometimes festooned. (fig. 198.) A. bubo. Pl. Enl. 435. Virginiana. Wils. vi. pl. 50. 1." (Swainson 1837); "Asio Swainson 1837, Nat. Hist. Classification Birds, II, p. 217 (not of Brisson, 1760). Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 9), Strix bubo." (JAJ 2020).
● (Strigidae; syn. Megascops † Eastern Screech Owl M. asio) "123. MEGASCOPS, Kaup, 1849. (Strix asio, Linn.) ... 123 = Asio, Schl. & Pr. B. 1853." (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., pp. 9, 135 (Appendix)). I have yet to locate the reference to Schlegel and Bonaparte, 1853.- aspasioides
Specific name Cinnyris aspasia Lesson & Garnot, 1828; Gr. -οιδης -oidēs resembling; "NECTARINIA ASPASIOIDES. Nectarinia aspasia, pt., Müll. This bird seems to agree with the figure given by Lesson in Voy. Coqu. t. 30. f. 2, in its general coloration, but the bill is much longer. Amboyna (Wall. Coll.)" (G. Gray 1860) (subsp. Leptocoma aspasia).
- australasia / australasiae / australasiana / australasianus / australasioe
Australasia < L. australis southern < auster, austri south; Asia Asia (see Australasia).
● ex “Héoro-taire noir et blanc” of Audebert & Vieillot 1802 (syn. Phylidonyris pyrrhopterus).- bonasides / bonasiodes / bonasioides
Specific name Tetrao bonasia Linnaeus, 1758; Gr. -οιδης -oidēs resembling.
● "139 Tetrao Tetrix, Lin. Bastarder ... 3) Tetrao Tx. Bonasides Exempl. i Grillska Mus." (Nilsson 1824) (Tetrastes bonasia x Tetrao tetrix hybrid).
● (Lagopus lagopus x Tetrastes bonasia hybrid).- bonasiotetrix
Portmanteau of specific names Tetrastes bonasia (Linnaeus, 1758) and Tetrao tetrix Linnaeus, 1758) (Björn Bergenholtz in litt.) (Tetrastes bonasia x Tetrao tetrix hybrid).
- casiogastra
Gr. κασια kasia cinnamon tree (cf. Med. L. cassia cinnamon); γαστηρ gastēr, γαστρος gastros belly.
- CASIORNIS
(Tyrannidae; Ϯ Rufous Casiornis C. rufus) Gr. κασια kasia cinnamon tree; ορνις ornis, ορνιθος ornithos bird; "GENRE CASIORNIS ― Casiornis (Pr. Ch. Bonap.). CASIORNIS TYPE — Casiornis typus (Pr. Ch. Bonaparte). ... C. cinnamomeus, supra fuscior, subtus dilutior… En entier d’un roux-cannelle, plus foncé aux parties supérieures du corps, plus clair en dessous” (des Murs 1856); "Casiornis "Bonaparte" des Murs 1856, in Castelnau, Expéd. parties centrales Amérique du Sud, Zool., I, Oiseaux (1855), p. 55. Type, by original designation, Casiornis typus des Murs, 1856 = Thamnophilus rufus Vieillot, 1816." (JAJ 2022).
- casiotis
- Gr. κασια kasia cinnamon tree; -ωτις -ōtis -eared < ους ous, ωτος ōtos ear.
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Dasiornis (See: DASYORNIS)
DASYORNIS (Dasyornithidae; Ϯ Eastern Bristlebird D. brachypterus) Gr. δασυς dasus hairy; ορνις ornis, ορνιθος ornithos bird; "Genus. DASYORNIS *. Rostrum forte, subarcuatum, culmine carinato, mandibula superiori vix emarginata; naribus basalibus, ovalibus, longitudinalibus, membrana supra partim tectis. Alæ breves, rotundæ: remige prima subbrevi, secunda tertia et quarta gradatim longioribus, quinta sexta et septima fere æqualibus longissimis, cæteris gradatim descrescentibus. Cauda elongata, gradata. Pedes subfortes, mediocres; halluce forti, ungue subelongato, arcuato; acrotarsiis scutellatis, paratarsiis integris. Regio anteocularis vibrissis recumbentibus fortibus instructa. Corporis plumarum pogonia decomposita. This genus bears a very close resemblance to the group of Timalia of the Javanese ornithology. In the shortness and roundness of the wings, in the length and graduation of the tail, in the carinated bill, and in the loose and decomposed feathers of the body, it comes so close to that group that we should at once refer our species to it, were it not for the singular bristles that spring from the front of the forehead above the bill, and form a strongly distinguishing character. ... We have some grounds for thinking that with Timalia it may rather be referred to that place among the Thrushes where the species gradually pass into the Warblers, than to the present situation. At the same time, it shows some resemblance to Megalurus, Horsf., and perhaps to Malurus, Vieill. ... *Δασυς hirsutus, and ορνις avis. ... 1. AUSTRALIS. ... This bird Mr. Caley procured in a scrubby place on the north side of Paramatta. He was able to ascertain nothing of its habits. He calls it in his notes "Bristle Bird." " (Vigors & Horsfield 1827); "Dasyornis Vigors and Horsfield, 1827, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15, p. 231. Type, by monotypy, Dasyornis australis Vigors and Horsfield = Turdus brachypterus Latham." (Mayr in Peters, 1986, XI, p. 409).
Var. Dasiornis.
Synon. Maccoyornis, Sittina, Sphenura.- GYMNASIO
(Strigidae; † Puerto Rican Owl G. nudipes) Gr. γυμνος gumnos bare, naked; L. asio, asionis type of eared owl; "134. GYMNASIO, Bp. - 417. nudipes, Daud. (Noctua nudipes, Lembeye, Aves Cub., t. 4. fig. 2.) Mus. Paris" (Bonaparte 1854); "Gymnasio Bonaparte, Rev. et Mag. de Zool., VI, 1854, p. 543 (Type [by monotypy] Strix nudipes Daudin)." (Cory, 1918, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. II (1), p. 43).
Var. Gymnasia.
Synon. Athene.- lasiopygus
Gr. λασιος lasios hairy, shaggy; -πυγος -pugos -rumped < πυγη pugē rump.
- NESASIO
(Strigidae; Ϯ Fearful Owl N. solomonensis) Gr. νησος nēsos island (= Solomon Is.); L. asio, asionis owl; "P. solomonensis on the other hand is not a bubonine owl at all, but belongs to the Striginae, characterized by a large auricular opening with well developed dermal ear flaps and crossed by a ligamentous bridge. It may be called Nesasio, n. gen. A medium sized strigine most nearly allied to Asio Birsson [sic], but body plumage more decomposed and silky; feet and claws extremely large and powerful; tarsi feathered; toes naked; middle toe three-fourths length of tarsus (about one-half in Asio); claw of inner toe longer than claw of middle toe (reverse in other species of Asio except madagascariensis); bill very stout and heavy with culmen arched and strongly decurved; nostril more rounded less oval; wing much rounded; the longest primaries exceeding the tips of the secondaries by less than 20 mm; 4th? primary longest (by a strange coincidence the distal portion of 5th primary is missing in both wings of the single specimen available); outer primaries weakly emarginated; bristles at base of bill strong, though relatively not as well developed as in Asio; no trace of ear tufts. Two other characters noted may be due to the preparation of the skin, namely, facial disc not clearly defined; eyes much larger. Type, Pseudoptynx solomonensis Hartert." (J. Peters 1937); "Nesasio Peters, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 27, 1937, p. 82. Type, by original designation, Pseudoptynx solomonensis Hartert." (Peters, 1940, IV, p. 171).
- prasiocara
Gr. πρασιος prasios leek-green, light-green < πρασον prason leek; καρα kara, καρατος karatos head.
- Thaumasioptera
(?Vireonidae; ?syn. Hylophilus) Gr. θαυμασιος thaumasios marvellous < θαυμα thauma, θαυματος thaumatos wonder, marvel; -πτερος -pteros -winged < πτερον pteron wing; "i. Sylvicoleæ. ... 181. Pachysylvia, Bp. 182. Thaumasioptera, Schiff. 183. Mniotilta, Vieill." (Bonaparte 1854); "Thaumasioptera "Schiff" Bonaparte, 1854, Comptes Rendus Acad. Sci. Paris, XXXVIII, p. 389 (nom. nud.)" (JAJ 2021). The identity of this name has never been resolved.
- vilasboasi / vilasboasiorum
Orlando Vilas Boas (1914-2002), Cláudio Vilas Boas (1916-1998) and Leonardo Vilas Boas (1918-1961) Brazilian brothers, pioneers, and anthropologists (Lepidothrix).
