The Key to Scientific Names

Edited by James A. Jobling
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Afrovanellus

(Charadriidae; syn. Vanellus Black-headed Lapwing V. tectus) L. Afer, Afra  African  < Africa  Africa; genus Vanellus Brisson, 1760, lapwing; "Subgenus Afrovanellus, New Taxon - Plumed lapwings (type: tectus)   Vanellus lugubris (Lesson, 1826). - Senegal Lapwing   Vanellus melanopterus (Cretzschmar, 1829). - Black-winged Lapwing   Vanellus leucurus (Lichtenstein, 1823). - White-tailed Lapwing   Vanellus albiceps Gould, 1834 - White-headed Lapwing   Vanellus crassirostris (Hartlaub, 1855). - Long-toed Lapwing   Vanellus leucoptera Reichenow, 1889 - White-winged Lapwing   Vanellus coronatus (Boddaert, 1783). - Crowned Lapwing   Vanellus tectus (Boddaert, 1783). - Black-headed Lapwing   Vanellus latifrons  (Reichenow, 1881). - White-fronted Lapwing" (Livezey 2010); "Afrovanellus Livezey, 2010, Zool. Journal Linnean Soc., 160 (3), p. 614.  Type, by original designation, tectus, i.e. Charadrius tectus Boddaert, 1783." (JAJ 2020).


Lobivanellus

Late L. lobus  pod, lobe  < Gr. λοβος lobos lobe; genus Vanellus Brisson 1760, lapwing; 
● (Charadriidae; syn. Vanellus † Red-wattled Lapwing V. indicus)  "CHARADRINÆ.  ...  LOBIVANELLUS, Strickl. (1841).  Parra, Gm.   L. goensis, (Gm.) Strickl.  Pl. enl. 807." (G. Gray 1841 (Aug.)); "LOBIVANELLUS*, n. g.  < Parra, Gm., < Tringa, Lath., < Charadrius, Wagl., < Vanellus, Cuv.   Diff. Char. — Four-toedlores wattledRostrum ut in Charadriis.  Membrana loris affixa, nuda, erecta, in anticum protensa.  Alæ elongatæ, caudam vix superantes, remigibus tribus primariis subæqualibus.  Spina pollicaris valida, acuta.  Cauda modicæ longitudinis, rectricibus æqualibus.  Pedes elongati, graciles, tetradactyli, acrotarsiis scutellatis.  Habitant in Africa, Asia, Australia (America?).   Species: 1. L. goensis (Gm.), Pl. Enl. 807.  2. L. gallinaceus (Wagl.), Jard. Ill. Orn. ser. 1. pl. 84.  3. L. ludovicianus (Gm.) Pl. Enl. 835.  4. L. senegalus (Linn.) Pl. Enl. 362.  5. L. albicapillus (Vieill.), Sw. W. Afr. v. ii. pl. 27.  6. L. tricolor (Horsf.), (Ch. macropterus, Wagl.).  7. L. dominica (Gm.), (Ch. brissonii, Wagl.).  8. L. albiceps (Gould), Proc. Zool. Soc. pt. ii. p. 45.  9. L. cucullatus, (Temm.), Pl. Col. 505.   ...  * Lobus, a caruncle; vanellus, a Lapwing." (Strickland 1841 (Oct.)); "Lobivanellus "Strickl." G. R. Gray, 1841, List Genera Birds, ed. 2, p. 84.  Type, by original designation, L. goensis (Gm.), i.e. Parra goensis Gmelin, 1789 = Tringa indica Boddaert, 1783." (JAJ 2022).
● (Charadriidae; quasi-syn. Vanellus Black-shouldered Lapwing V. novaehollandiae) "Genera et Species typicae.  ...  d. *Lobivanellus (STRICKL.) GOULD!  lobatus (Char.— Lath.) R.  Tab. XVIII. Caput, culmen, humerus, ala, cauda, pes. — Ic. Av. t. 177. ic. 685 et t. 180. ic. 1055—56 et 1057—58. t. 177. ic. 686 et 682—684." (Reichenbach 1853); "Lobivanellus "Strickl." Reichenbach, 1853, Avium Systema Naturale, p. XVIII (not of G. Gray, 1841).  Type, by original designation, Charadrius lobatus, i.e. Tringa lobata Latham, 1801 (not of Linnaeus, 1758) = Vanellus novaehollandiae Stephens, 1819." (JAJ 2020) (see Lobibyx).


vanellus

Med. L. vanellus lapwing < dim. L. vannus winnowing fan; "78. TRINGA.  ...  Vanellus.  2. T. pedibus rubris, crista dependente, pectore nigro. Fn. svec. 148.  Capella s. Vanellus. Bell. av. 49. a. Gesn. av. 764. Aldr. orn. l. 20. c. 63. Will. orn. 228. t. 57. Jonst. av. 164. t. 53. 27. Raj. av. 110. Alb. av. I. p. 70. t. 74.  Habitat in Europa, Africa.  Migrat forte in Ægyptum. Ova Belgis in deliciis.” (Linnaeus 1758) (Vanellus).


VANELLUS

(Charadriidae; Ϯ Northern Lapwing V. vanellus) Med. L. vanellus  lapwing  < dim. L. vannus  winnowing fan (in allusion to the broad wings and floppy flight); "quodualis, instar vanni seu ventilabri, commotis concussisque strepitum edat" (Charleton 1668 per Coues 1884); "Rostro recto, apice crassiori.  Unguiculis brevissimis. . . . .Vanellus. Genus 70.  ...  **1. LE VANNEAU.  ... VANELLUS." (Brisson 1760): based on "Vanellus", "Capella", and "Caprea" of Gessner 1555, and many other authors, and Tringa Vanellus Linnaeus, 1758; "Vanellus Brisson, 1760, Ornithologie, I, p. 48: V, p. 94.  Type, by tautonymy, "Vanellus" Brisson = Tringa vanellus Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2023).  The Northern Lapwing appears the most aberrant member of the genus; it has been suggested that Hoplopterus Bonaparte, 1831, be resurrected for all the other lapwings and plovers presently included in Vanellus.   
Var. Canellus, Cranellus.   
Synon. Acanthopteryx, Acanthropterus, Afribyx, Afrovanellus, Anitibyx, Anomalophrys, Belonopterus, Chettusia, Defilippia, Dilobus, Dorypaltus, Euhyas, Eurypterus, Gavia, Hemiparra, Hoplopterus, Hoploxypterus, Limnetes, Lobibyx, Lobipluvia, Lobivanellus, Microsarcops, Nonnusia, Pluvianus, Ptiloscelys, Rogibyx, Sarciophorus, Sarcogrammus, Stephanibyx, Titihoia, Tringa, Tylibyx, Vanellochettusia, Vanellochetusia, Viator, Xiphidiopterus, Zapterus, Zonifer.
● (Pluvianidae; syn. Pluvianus † Egyptian Plover P. aegyptius) “Vanellus Briss.:  aegyptius Hemprich u. einige and.” (Boie 1826); “Vanellus “Briss.” Boie, 1826, Isis von Oken, col. 978 (not of Brisson, 1760).  Type, by monotypy, Charadrius aegyptius Linnaeus, 1758.” (JAJ 2023).


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