Behavior

Walking, Running, Hopping, Climbing, etc.

Information needed.

Flight

Information needed.

Swimming and Diving

Information needed.

Preening, Head-Scratching, Stretching, Sunbathing, Bathing, Anting, etc.

Information needed.

Sleeping, Roosting

Information needed.

Physical and Communicative Interactions

Information needed.

Territorial Behavior

Males establish territories, and breeding pairs feed in territory, but may also visit communal feeding areas (42 Tomkovich, P. S. (1995). Breeding biology and breeding success of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus. Russian Journal of Ornithology 4: 77–91. Close ).

Mating System and Operational Sex Ratio

Monogamous, usually for more than one season.

Courtship, Copulation, and Pair Bond

Males give a display flight on the breeding grounds: they rise to a height of at least 40–50 ft and circle the territory, make a series of brief dips followed by hovering with rapid wingbeats and giving the Territorial call (see Vocalizations), then punctuating this with steep curving swoops to near ground level before rising back up, or descending to the ground in a slow glide with wings held up in a 'V' (59 Dixon, J. (1918). The nesting grounds and nesting habits of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper. The Auk 35(4):387–404. Close , 21 Portenko, L. A. (1957). Studien an einigen selten Limicolen aus dem nördlichen und östlichen Sibirien. I. Die Löffelschnepfe - Eurynorhynchus pygmeus (L.). Journal of Ornithology. 98(4):454–466. Close , 7 Hayman, P., J. Marchant, and T. Prater (1986). Shorebirds: An Identification Guide to the Waders of the World. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Close ).

Extra-Pair Mating Behavior/Paternity

Information needed.

Degree of Sociality

Adults are aggressive towards conspecifics on breeding grounds.

Nonpredatory Interspecific Interactions

Occurs in large foraging flocks with other shorebirds, including Red-necked Stint (Calidris ruficollis) and Little Stint (Calidris minuta) (7 Hayman, P., J. Marchant, and T. Prater (1986). Shorebirds: An Identification Guide to the Waders of the World. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Close ).

Kinds of Predators

Predators include Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), gulls, skuas (Stercorarius spp.), Common Raven (Corvus corax), stoats (Mustela erminea), and ground squirrels (41 Syroechkovski, E. (2004). Brief notes on the Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmeus Conservation Programme during summer 2004. BirdingASIA 2:68–69. Close , 60 Digby, R., B. Hughes, and N. Jarrett (2013). Headstarting the Critically Endangered Spoon-billed Sandpiper in Russia, 2013. Avicultural Magazine 119(4):146–159. Close , 49 Loktionov, E. Y., R. A. Digby, N. N. Yakushev, I. A. Shepelev, J. P. Clements, P. S. Tomkovich, N. S. Jarrett, N. A. Clark, R. E. Green, E. G. Lappo, and E. E. Syroechkovskiy. (2023). Evaluating the impact of headstarting on the critically endangered Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmaea. Diversity 15(4):584. Close ).