Species names in all available languages
Language | Common name |
---|---|
Dutch | Vermiljoenkardinaal |
English | Vermilion Cardinal |
English (United States) | Vermilion Cardinal |
French | Cardinal vermillon |
French (France) | Cardinal vermillon |
German | Purpurkardinal |
Japanese | ミナミショウジョウコウカンチョウ |
Norwegian | sinoberkardinal |
Polish | kardynał pąsowy |
Russian | Пурпурный кардинал |
Serbian | Vermilion kardinal |
Slovak | kardinál purpurový |
Spanish | Cardenal de la Guajira |
Spanish (Spain) | Cardenal de la Guajira |
Spanish (Venezuela) | Cardenal Coriano |
Swedish | cinnoberkardinal |
Turkish | Guahira Kardinalı |
Ukrainian | Кардинал південний |
Revision Notes
Adriana Rodríguez-Ferraro revised the account as part of a partnership with Unión Venezolana de Ornitólogos (UVO). Peter Pyle contributed to the Plumages, Molts, and Structure page. Guy M. Kirwan contributed to the Systematics page. Adriana Rodríguez-Ferraro and Arnau Bonan Barfull curated the media. JoAnn Hackos, Robin K. Murie, and Robin K. Murie copy edited the draft.
Cardinalis phoeniceus Bonaparte, 1838
Definitions
- CARDINALIS
- cardinalis
- phoenicea / phoeniceum / phoeniceus
The Key to Scientific Names
Legend Overview
Vermilion Cardinal Cardinalis phoeniceus Scientific name definitions
Version: 2.0 — Published February 23, 2024
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Behavior
Introduction
There is very little published information about the behavior of this species, with only isolated observations of foraging and breeding.
Locomotion
Walking, Climbing, Hopping
Usually hops on the ground and in vegetation (A. Rodríguez-Ferraro, unpublished data).
Flight
Undulating flight at low or medium height when moving in open areas. Short flights when moving around vegetation (A. Rodríguez-Ferraro, unpublished data).
Self-Maintenance
Information is needed.
Agonistic Behavior
Physical and Communicative Interactions
Few agonistic interactions have been observed among Margarita Island (Venezuela) males. Interactions included chases, vocal behavior (calls), displacements, and physical attacks. On one occasion, two males chased and attacked another male while vocalizing loudly. The chased male was pushed into the ground and pecked simultaneously by the other two males until it escaped (A. Rodríguez-Ferraro, unpublished data).
Territorial behavior
Information is needed.
Spacing
Information is needed.
Sexual Behavior
Mating System and Operational Sex Ratio
Presumably monogamous, similarly to the other two cardinal species, since males and females raise broods together (A. Rodríguez-Ferraro, unpublished data).
Courtship, Copulation, and Pair Bond
Information is needed.
Extra-Pair Mating Behavior/Paternity
Information is needed.
Brood Parasitism of Conspecifics
Information is needed.
Brood Parasitism of Other Species
Information is needed.
Social and Interspecific Behavior
Degree of Sociality
Usually alone or in pairs, but occasionally groups of 5-6 individuals can be observed (2).
Play
Information is needed.
Nonpredatory Interspecific Interactions
Information is needed. There are a few reports of cardinals mobbing small owls (2).
Predation
Information is needed.