The Key to Scientific Names
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Archaeocygnus (See: Archaeocycnus)
Archaeocycnus ‡ (Anatidae; syn. Cygnus Ϯ Portly Swan C. lacustris) Gr. αρχαιος arkhaios ancient; κυκνος kuknos swan.
Var. Archaeocygnus (L. cygnus swan).-
Clangocygnus (See: Clangocycnus)
Clangocycnus (Anatidae; syn. Cygnus Ϯ Trumpeter Swan C. buccinator) Gr. κλαγγη klangē noise, clangor; κυκνος kuknos swan; "CLANGOCYCNUS, * sub-gen. nov. Chars. sub-gen.— Distance from the anterior angle of the eye to the posterior border of nostril not much, yet usually a little, greater than the distance from the latter to the tip of the bill; bill longer than head; tail commonly of 24 feathers; bronchial dilatation very large. OLOR BUCCINATOR (Richardson). ... This species differs from other members of the genus in several minor structural characters of more or less importance, particularly in the unusually large size of the bronchial dilatation, and possibly deserves even generic separation. ... *Kλαγγη, clangor; κυκνος, cygnus." (Oberholser 1908); "Clangocycnus Oberholser, Emu, 8, 1908, p. 3. Type, by monotypy, Cygnus buccinator Richardson." (Peters, 1931, I, p. 143).
Var. Clangocygnus.- cygnus
L. cygnus or cycnus swan < Gr. κυκνος kuknos swan. Gr. myth. Cycnus or Cygnus, the son of Sthenelus king of Liguria, was sorely afflicted by the death of his friend Phaëthon and was metamorphosed into a swan. In other versions of the story Cycnus, son of Apollo, in a fit of pique at not getting his own way, threw himself from the heights of Mt. Teumessus and was changed into a swan, as was Cycnus, son of Neptune, when he was slain by Achilles.
● Swan I., Victoria, Australia (syn. Anthochaera rufogularis).
● "61. ANAS. ... Cygnus. 1. A. rostro semicylindrico atro, cera flava, corpore albo. Fn. svec. 88. It. wgoth. 143. Cygnus ferus. Bell. av. 30. a. Gesn. av. 372. Aldr. ornith. l. 19. c. 1. Will. orn. 212. . . Raj. av. 136. Alb. av. 3. p. 91. t. 96. Edw. av. 150. t. 150. β. Cygnus mansuetus. Will. orn. 271. t. 69. Raj. av. 136. Habitat in Europa, America septentrionali. Accedit ad nos ultimo die regelationis. Piscatur pomo. It. scan. 186. 228." (Linnaeus 1758) (Cygnus).- CYGNUS
(Anatidae; Ϯ Mute Swan C. olor) L. cygnus or cycnus swan < Gr. κυκνος kuknos swan (cf. Gr. myth. Cycnus: at least three persons of this name were metamorphosed into swans, i.e. a son of Neptune by Calyce, a son of Apollo by Hyrie, and a son of Sthenelus of Liguria). Wild populations of the Mute Swan are now absent from much of western Europe; "β. Cygnus ferus LINN. The wild swane. Der wilde Schwan. (Seligm. Cat. V. T. 44.)" (Zimmermann 1793); "* 1. Stummer Schwan (A. Olor, Gmelin Linn,): Mit schwarzem, halbwalzenförmigem Schnabel, schwarzer Wachshaut, und schneeweißem Körper. 4½ Fuß lang. ... 1) Die Gattung Schwan (Cygnus) hat einen etwas schaufelförmigen Schnabel mit Lamellen statt der Zähne, einen langen Hals und Füße, die etwas außer dem Gleichgewicht liegen." (Bechstein 1803); "Cygnus Bechstein, Orn. Taschenb., pt. 2, 1803, p. 404, note. Type, by monotypy, Anas olor Gmelin." (Peters, 1931, I, p. 143). Recently, attempts have been made to replace Cygnus Bechstein, 1803, with the revived Cygnus de Garsault, 1764, Les figures des plantes et animaux d’usage en medecine, V, pl. 688: VI, p. 419, but that work must be treated as non-binominal: “Cygnus, Cigne privé. ... C’est un oiseau aquatique, le plus grand de tous: on peut l’appeller Cygne privé attendu qu’il s’en trouve une autre espece qu’on nomme Cygne sauvage, qui a quelques différences avec celui-ci, qui se prive si aisément, qu’il peut passer même pour domestique” (Laurent Raty in litt.)
Var. Cignus, Cyenus, Cygneus, Cygnos.
Synon. Archaeocycnus, Chenopis, Clangocycnus, Cycnus, Cygnanser, Euolor, Olor, Palaeocycnus, Sthenelides, Sthenelus.
● (Anatidae; quasi-syn. Cygnus † Whooper Swan C. cygnus) "β. Cygnus ferus LINN. The wild swane. Der wilde Schwan. (Seligm. Cat. V. T. 44.)" (Zimmermann 1793); “Cygnus Zimmermann, 1793, William Bartram’s Reisen durch Nord- und Süd Karolina, Georgien, Ost- und West-Florida, p. 291. Type, by monotypy, Cygnus ferus Linn., i.e. Anas ferus Latham, 1787 = Anas cygnus Linnaeus, 1758.” (JAJ 2023).-
Dendrocygnus (See: DENDROCYGNA)
DENDROCYGNA (Anatidae; Ϯ Wandering Whistling Duck D. arcuata) Gr. δενδρον dendron tree; L. cygnus or cycnus swan < Gr. κυκνος kuknos swan (cf. genus Cygnus Bechstein, 1803, swan); ""Dendrocygna" est vox hybrida; nomen enim græcum κυκνος, literis latinis scriptum, fit cycnus. Cygnus est nomen latinum." (Sundevall 1873); "DENDROCYGNA, Sw. Tree Ducks. Bill resembling that of a duck. Nostrils near the base. Feet lengthened. The toes long, and projecting beyond the membrane. Claws long, slender, and but slightly curved. Hind toe lengthened. D. arcuata. Horsf. Java. (fig. 325.) arborea. Edw. pl. 193" (Swainson 1837); "Dendrocygna Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, 1837, p. 365. Type, by subsequent designation, Anas arcuata Horsfield. (Eyton, Monogr. Anat., 1838, p. 28.)" (Peters, 1931, I, p. 152).
Var. Dendrocygnus, Dendrocycna, Dentrocygna.
Synon. Ctenanas, Dendronessa, Lamprocygna, Leptotarsis, Nesocygna, Prosopocygna, Stagonocygna.
● (Anatidae; quasi-syn. Dendrocygna † West Indian Whistling Duck D. arborea) “Genera et Species typicae. ... d. *Dendrocygna SWAINS. arborea (Anas — L. Gm.) Sws. Tab. IX. Caput, culmen, ala, pes. Ic. Av. t. 107. ic. 2359. ib. 2361. t. 89. ic. 171—175. t. 91. ic. 2650—51. t. 99. ic. 2357—58. t. 100. ic. 2768.” (Reichenbach 1853); “Dendrocygna “Swains.” Reichenbach, 1853, Avium Systema Naturae, p. X (not of Swainson, 1837). Type, by original designation, Anas arborea Linnaeus, 1758.” (JAJ 2022).-
Palaeocygnus (See: Palaeocycnus)
Palaeocycnus ‡ (Anatidae; syn. Cygnus Ϯ Giant Swan C. falconeri) Gr. παλαιος palaios ancient; κυκνος kuknos swan.
Var. Palaeocygnus (L. cygnus swan).-
paleocygnus (See: paloregonus)
paloregonus Gr. παλαιος palaios ancient, old; Oregon, USA; "This swan was discovered by Ex-Governor Whitaker, of Oregon" (Cope 1878) (Cygnus).
